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Debris flows as a result of environmental changes in midmountains of the Cenral Europe, case study in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts.
Raschová, Tereza ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Hartvich, Filip (referee)
This work determines on the basis of literature according to its objectives the definition of the debris flows, an overview of their types and description of the genesis and morphology. Debris flows are mass movements with high rate of speed, caused by atmospheric conditions (intense precipitation, melting snow) or geomorphological events (sudden burst of water pockets, burst of moraine or ice dammed lakes) in mountainous areas that move down the valley along torrential chanels or along slopes and pull down everything in their path. We distinguish between structural and turbulent debris flows. In case of structural ones the water is creating an envelope of the debris. Their genesis is conditioned by supersaturation of weathered soil with water and the movement is created by gravity. The turbulent debris flow are formed by water which is not able to be absorbed and the water pulls down the debris on slopes and in the channels. Material is transported in suspension. I compared some debris flows from different mountains and it is quite complex to define specific values of parameters that cause debris flows. Structural debris flow in this study originated on rocks with a high content of micas or on sandstones. Turbulent debris flows originated on granitoids. Precipitation should have higher intensity...
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Spatial distribution of vegetation species on the earth hummocks on Mt. Keprník and Mt. Praděd in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts.
Kodríková, Anna ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Sklenář, Petr (referee)
This thesis focuses on spatial distribution of vegetation species on the earth hummocks on Mt. Keprník and Mt. Praděd in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts., the relationship of the spatial distribution of vegetation to windward and leeward effect, and also on the morphological characteristics of earth hummocks. The windward and leeward effect was studied not only on the earth hummocks themselves, but also in the whole study area. The succession of vegetation, which reflects an activity of earth hummock and a level of their development, was also concerned. Earth hummocks are nonsorted patterned ground types. Vegetation on earth hummocks affects not only their formation, but also their shape and internal characteristics. Further,vegetation reflects certain properties of earth hummocks (moisture, soil characteristics etc.), and also ecological conditions which affect earth hummocks (wind impact, distribution of snow cover etc). Each studied earth hummock was first measured (length, width and height) in the field and then was divided into quadrants according to the efect of wind (windward quadrant oriented SW, windward quadrant oriented NE, and two remaining quadrants oriented NE, NW) in which phytocenological surveys were carried out. The results show that the vegetation on earth hummocks is strongly efected by...
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The morphology and activity of selected avalanche paths in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. and the Králický Sněžník Mts.
Krause, David
The occurrence of avalanche paths is usually frequent in alpine environment, but it is also present in mid-mountains such as the High Sudetes. The submitted master thesis is focused on avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The morphometric analysis of 8 paths was accomplished to determine their characteristics and comparison with statistical verification. The dendrogeomorphological analysis and further geomorphological mapping was performed in 2 selected paths (Sněžná kotlina and Králický Sněžník) to cover their avalanche activity frequency and to find relationship between their activity and morphology. The results of this study show that there is a strong difference between two groups of avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The Sněžná kotlina and The Králický Sněžník avalanche paths are longer and narrower than the other paths. They also have higher elevation difference. The comparison of these two paths performed by dendrogeomorphology indicates higher avalanche activity frequency in the Sněžná kotlina path, which was strengthened after strong avalanche event in 2004. It is assumed that the Sněžná kotlina path contains advanced avalanche landform, which is a long gully, probably also affected by debris- flows in the past. On the other hand the Králický Sněžník path is rather less...
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Geobiocenologická diferenciace lesa a krajiny jako podklad lidské činnosti v krajině =: The geobiocoenological system of forests and landscape classification as a tool of human activity in landscape /
Friedl, Michal
The topic of the dissertation is a development of geobiocoenology and geobiocoenological system of classification and their possible application in landscape management. The thesis is structured into four thematic blocks or case studies and is composed of reviewed and published works. The first part introduces the application of biogeographical differentiation of the landscape by a geobiocoenological approach in the development of the concept of ancient coppice forests, estimation of their distribution in the Czech Republic and description of their state. The second study deals with the testing of empirically defined units of the Czech Forest Ecosystem Classification based on the evaluation of 11,885 geobiocoenological relevés stored in the Database of Czech Forest Ecosystem Classification and containing a series of accurately measured environmental data. The last two studies are operational applications of geobiocoenology. In the first one, geobiocoenology was used for the construction of a regional forest development plan in the Ukrainian Carpathians. In the second one was geobiocoenology used for the differentiation of the peak positions of Hrubý Jeseník, because of which, besides other things, was predicted the development of biotopes in case of removing allochthonous stands of mountain pine. This dissertation demonstrates the multifaceted use of geobiocoenology, contributes to its development and enriches it also at the level of operational applications.
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The morphology and activity of selected avalanche paths in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. and the Králický Sněžník Mts.
Krause, David
The occurrence of avalanche paths is usually frequent in alpine environment, but it is also present in mid-mountains such as the High Sudetes. The submitted master thesis is focused on avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The morphometric analysis of 8 paths was accomplished to determine their characteristics and comparison with statistical verification. The dendrogeomorphological analysis and further geomorphological mapping was performed in 2 selected paths (Sněžná kotlina and Králický Sněžník) to cover their avalanche activity frequency and to find relationship between their activity and morphology. The results of this study show that there is a strong difference between two groups of avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The Sněžná kotlina and The Králický Sněžník avalanche paths are longer and narrower than the other paths. They also have higher elevation difference. The comparison of these two paths performed by dendrogeomorphology indicates higher avalanche activity frequency in the Sněžná kotlina path, which was strengthened after strong avalanche event in 2004. It is assumed that the Sněžná kotlina path contains advanced avalanche landform, which is a long gully, probably also affected by debris- flows in the past. On the other hand the Králický Sněžník path is rather less...
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The morphology and activity of selected avalanche paths in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. and the Králický Sněžník Mts.
Krause, David ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Létal, Aleš (referee)
The occurrence of avalanche paths is usually frequent in alpine environment, but it is also present in mid-mountains such as the High Sudetes. The submitted master thesis is focused on avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The morphometric analysis of 8 paths was accomplished to determine their characteristics and comparison with statistical verification. The dendrogeomorphological analysis and further geomorphological mapping was performed in 2 selected paths (Sněžná kotlina and Králický Sněžník) to cover their avalanche activity frequency and to find relationship between their activity and morphology. The results of this study show that there is a strong difference between two groups of avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The Sněžná kotlina and The Králický Sněžník avalanche paths are longer and narrower than the other paths. They also have higher elevation difference. The comparison of these two paths performed by dendrogeomorphology indicates higher avalanche activity frequency in the Sněžná kotlina path, which was strengthened after strong avalanche event in 2004. It is assumed that the Sněžná kotlina path contains advanced avalanche landform, which is a long gully, probably also affected by debris- flows in the past. On the other hand the Králický Sněžník path is rather less...
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Spatial distribution of vegetation species on the earth hummocks on Mt. Keprník and Mt. Praděd in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts.
Kodríková, Anna ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Sklenář, Petr (referee)
This thesis focuses on spatial distribution of vegetation species on the earth hummocks on Mt. Keprník and Mt. Praděd in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts., the relationship of the spatial distribution of vegetation to windward and leeward effect, and also on the morphological characteristics of earth hummocks. The windward and leeward effect was studied not only on the earth hummocks themselves, but also in the whole study area. The succession of vegetation, which reflects an activity of earth hummock and a level of their development, was also concerned. Earth hummocks are nonsorted patterned ground types. Vegetation on earth hummocks affects not only their formation, but also their shape and internal characteristics. Further,vegetation reflects certain properties of earth hummocks (moisture, soil characteristics etc.), and also ecological conditions which affect earth hummocks (wind impact, distribution of snow cover etc). Each studied earth hummock was first measured (length, width and height) in the field and then was divided into quadrants according to the efect of wind (windward quadrant oriented SW, windward quadrant oriented NE, and two remaining quadrants oriented NE, NW) in which phytocenological surveys were carried out. The results show that the vegetation on earth hummocks is strongly efected by...
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Planation surfaces in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts.
Jablonská, Danica ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Štěpančíková, Petra (referee)
Remnants of planation surfaces in Hrubý Jeseník were noted in many geomorphological studies made in the studied area. However, the levels of planation surfaces were never described. The present study deals with the determination of the levels of planation surfaces (the amount of levels) and its connection to neotectonics. The whole area was divided into three parts (Pradědská, Keprnická and Orlická part). Histograms of elevation frequency, the cumulative graph of the area of planation surfaces and the statistical test show six levels of planation surfaces. Six levels were determined in Pradědská and Orlická part and four levels in Keprnická part. The levels of planation were compared to similar areas in the Sudetes. These intervals have significant representation of the flat surfaces within. Six levels of planation surfaces were determined. The main periods of uplift were presented based on the intervals between the levels of planation surfaces. The minimum uplift in the central, most active part is estimated to be 450 m.
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Debris flows as a result of environmental changes in midmountains of the Cenral Europe, case study in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts.
Raschová, Tereza ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Hartvich, Filip (referee)
This work determines on the basis of literature according to its objectives the definition of the debris flows, an overview of their types and description of the genesis and morphology. Debris flows are mass movements with high rate of speed, caused by atmospheric conditions (intense precipitation, melting snow) or geomorphological events (sudden burst of water pockets, burst of moraine or ice dammed lakes) in mountainous areas that move down the valley along torrential chanels or along slopes and pull down everything in their path. We distinguish between structural and turbulent debris flows. In case of structural ones the water is creating an envelope of the debris. Their genesis is conditioned by supersaturation of weathered soil with water and the movement is created by gravity. The turbulent debris flow are formed by water which is not able to be absorbed and the water pulls down the debris on slopes and in the channels. Material is transported in suspension. I compared some debris flows from different mountains and it is quite complex to define specific values of parameters that cause debris flows. Structural debris flow in this study originated on rocks with a high content of micas or on sandstones. Turbulent debris flows originated on granitoids. Precipitation should have higher intensity...
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